The Position of the Sunni Judiciary toward the Dispute over the Local Authority of Madina (700 - 769 AH / 1300 - 1367 AD)

Document Type : Original research articles

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History, Arts, King Saud University

Abstract

No sooner the influence of Mamluk sultanate was almost to extend to Hijaz in the early mid-7th AH/13th AD century, it took upon itself the responsibility of its political, religious, economic and social stability, as this region was of great religious importance to Muslims. The Prophet's city ranked the second in importance after Mecca in Hijaz, where, it was ruled by the family of Husaynid Sharifs since the early last third of the 4th AH / 10th AD century. Mamluk sultanate appointed the first official Sunni judge in the prophet's city in 700 AH/ 1300 AD desiring to make him a tool to demonstrate its influence in the context of the political and sectarian conflict ongoing there, which, therein allowed the judge to play a Political and religious role during the conflict between the branches of the Husaynid family. This role fluctuated in strength and weakness according to the power of the judge on one hand, and depending on the political and religious circumstances surrounding him in both the prophet’s city and Cairo on the other hand. The research proceeds from a thesis that, the official Sunni judiciary in the prophet’s city played an important political and religious role in the conflict between the amirs of Husaynid family in Madina during the first seven decades of the 8th AH/14th AD century.

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